Tuesday 23 February 2016


Ayesha Mumtaz(2014-903)

GRADE: 9th-10th

Group Members:

Ayesha Mumtaz

Sidra Atta

Attia

Ishrat Fatima



ADVERB:
Objective:
  • Enable the students to identify adverbs and its different kinds
Defining Adverb
An adverb is an article of speech that modifies other adverbs, verbs, adjectives, clauses, or sentences. When an adverb is used in a sentence, it will answer one of the following questions:
  • How?
  • When?
  • Where?
  • Why?
  • In what way?
  • How often?
  • How much?
  • In what condition?
  • To what degree?

Adverb Scavenger Hunt
In order to emphasize that adverbs can be any type of words as long as they are words that describe verbs, adjectives or other adverbs, you can have an adverb scavenger hunt.
  • Give your students a worksheet of sentences that contain both adjectives and adverbs.
  • Tell your students exactly how many adverbs are found on the worksheet and then allow them to begin reviewing the sentences to find them.
  • The first student who correctly identifies all of the adverbs and does not confuse any adjectives for adverbs is the winner of the contest

You can also:
  • Give your students a related worksheet in which adjectives and adverbs are used in sentences, but this time have the sentences misuse some adjectives as adverbs and vice versa.
  • Ask the students to identify all of the adjective/adverb mistakes that appear in the sentences.
  • The first student who correctly identifies all of the misused adjectives or adverbs wins the contest.

Adverb-Only Activities
List Brainstorming
Once students have a full understanding of what an adverb is, you can ask them to brainstorm lists of adverbs. You can also make this game more fun by giving them a verb, an adjective or another adverb.
  • Ask each student to think up a different adjective to describe his or her feelings towards singing, biking, learning, thinking, or any type of verb that you wish to choose.
  • Have the students go around the room to see who can come up with the most creative adverb to describe the verb at hand.
You can also use a similar technique to illustrate the fact that adverbs describe adjectives and other adverbs.
  • Give the students a word that they need to describe and an adjective describing that word.
  • Challenge your students to see how many additional adverbs they can come up with to describe either the adjective or the word itself. For example, if you challenge the students to use adjectives to describe the "happy dog" they could come up with additional adverbs like the "always very" happy dog. Always and very are both adverbs describing the adjective happy which is describing the dog.
  • Encourage your students to try to make the longest adverb chain possible to describe the subject at hand.
You can also encourage the students to come up with an adverb to describe their favorite activity.
  • Go around the room and ask the students to each name their own activity, choose an adverb to explain that activity, and then explain why they chose that adverb.
  • To make the game more difficult, require each student to come up with a different adverb that has not been used before.

Activity: Writing Adverbs in Sentences

  • Pass out pieces of paper, and ask your students or children to write a sentence that contains an adverb for each one of the “adverb categories”  that are stated above. For example, the children should write one sentence for “adverbs of frequency,” one sentence for “adverbs of time,” etc.
  • At the end, collect the papers, mark any corrections and clarify any misunderstandings that the children might have.



Figures of Speech
Objective:
  • At the end of this activity the students will be able to differentiate the different figures of speech
  • Poetry will be easier for them to understand

Which of these figures of speech is an example of alliteration?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15764/q/1398054024.jpg
  • Larry the lion licked the lollies lovingly.
 Jack is the tiger on our team.
 Lyle is like a breath of fresh air.
 The lightning screamed at me as I walked home.

Which of these is an example of a metaphor?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15765/q/1398054024.jpg
 You're as quiet as a mouse.
 The ding dong of the doorbell woke me.
 You are my sunshine.
 Six silly snakes slithered slowly.








Which of these is an example of a simile?


https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15766/q/1398054024.jpg
















 Ian is a pig at the dinner table
 Angelina is as agile as a monkey.
 Three big black bats bit me!
 I heard the sea calling me.

Which of these is an example of a paradox?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15767/q/1398054024.jpg
 Pigs are funny animals.
 You have to be cruel to be kind.
 Lightning and thunder can be scary. 
Winners are grinners.



Which of these is an example of personification?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15768/q/1398054024.jpg

 Your eyes are like two shining diamonds.
 Beauty is only skin deep.
 Flying elephants are very rare.
 The trees whispered to me as I walked through the forest.

\

Which of these is an example of a pun?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15769/q/1398054024.jpg
 Success comes from hard work.
 It's easy to trip if you don't look where you are going.
 Roses are red, and violets are blue.
 I tried getting a job as a carpenter, but I couldn't nail it.

Which of these is an example of onomatopoeia?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15770/q/1398054024.jpg
 Two cats climbed cautiously up the hill.
 Life is like a box of chocolates.
 Noni was as quiet as a mouse.
 The rattle, click and clatter of the train sent me to sleep



6
0
Which of these is an example of a simile?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15771/q/1398054024.jpg
 John and Carole fought like cats and dogs.
 Twelve terrible tigers trudged through the forest.
 David was a hog at the party.
 You are the sunshine of my life.
Which of these is an example of a metaphor?

https://static.studyladder.com/cdn/slplus/user/16706/files/15772/q/1398054024.jpg
 She's as cool as ice.
 Tom's eyes were like two flames.
 Arnie's holiday was a dream.
 You look like an angel in that dress.



Reference:




Present Tense:
Objectives:
  • Students will have full command on present tense
  • They will be able to use this tense in their daily life

Fill in the blanks with the correct simple present tense form of the verb (in parentheses): 

EX: I read (read) every day. 
1. My sister  (talk) very fast. 

2. My brother and I  (speak) Japanese. 

3. They  (live) in Portland. 

4. Peter  (work) a lot. 

5. Our neighbors  (be) very quiet. 

6. We  (go) to the movies every Friday. 

7. My cousin  (be) thin. 

8. My mother  (clean) the house every Sunday. 

9. Robert's cat  (like) to chase birds. 

10. I  (love) my boyfriend. 

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/verbformsclass9cbse-140502225136-phpapp02/95/verb-forms-tenses-class-9-cbse-4-638.jpg?cb=1399071193

http://www.luuloat.org/images/post/2014/08/22/04/present_simple_and_cont.jpghttps://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.luuloat.org/images
References:
https://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/topic_images








Words Sentences:
Objectives:
  • At the end of this activity the students will be able to make sentences of any given word
  • Students will be able to put their thoughts into sentences

Make sentences using the following pictures and words below:

Activity no. 1:
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/1a/9f/3b/1a9f3b5968e322ab56dafca3137bcda9.jpg

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/f5/30/fb/f530fb9aaad87bd93408da1bc98c72c6.jpg

                                             Activity no 2:

http://www.onestopenglish.com/Pictures/Web/DocImages/Image/young_learners/images/words.gif
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/fb/6b/de/fb6bde8c40ea3d7cf06f86f1f903cb8b.jpg

Activity no. 3:
https://twinkl.co.uk/image/resource_preview_xlarge/T-S-1624-Simple-Sentence-Worksheets_ver_1.jpg
Reference:
https://www.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=https://s-media-


Stress And Its Types:
Objectives:
  • At the end of this lecture and activity the students will be able to know how many syllables are there in any word
  • They will be able to put stress on words
Syllables
A syllable is a word, or part of a word, which contains a single vowel sound. It is a single unit of speech. 

Each word contains one syllable, or more.

1 Syllable
Here are examples of words with a single syllable:

pen

man

pig

cup

hat

In English, a vowel sound can be made of more the one vowel letter. 
So the following words have a single syllable as well:

feet

moon

cake

have

break

bought

All of these words contain only one vowel sound, and therefore a single syllable.
2 Syllables
A word can have more than one syllable. The following words are examples of words with two syllables. Here are examples of words with 2 syllables. The different syllables are shown on the right, and they are separated with a space.

garden:  gar  den

hotel:  ho  tel

consist:  con  sist

object:  ob  ject

focus:  fo  cus

3 Syllables
Examples of words with three syllables:

September:  sep  tem  ber

department:  de  part  ment

telephone:  te  le  phone

camera:  ca  mer  a

Saturday:  sa  tur  day

hamburger:  hum  bur  ger

vitamin:  vi  ta  min

4 Syllables
Examples of words with four syllables:

kindergarten: kin  der  gar  ten

information: in  for  ma  tion

January: ja  nu  ar  y

American: A  mer  i  can

discovery: di  sco  ver  y


That is not all, of course. There can be words with even more syllables. But you get the point, right?
Word Stress
What word stress is
When we stress syllables in words, we use a combination of different features. Experiment now with the word 'computer'. Say it out loud. Listen to yourself. The second syllable of the three is stressed. What are you doing so that the listener can hear that stress?
  • A stressed syllable combines five features:
    • It is l-o-n-g-e-r - com p-u-ter
    • It is LOUDER - comPUTer
    • It has a change in pitch from the syllables coming before and afterwards. The pitch of a stressed syllable is usually higher.
    • It is said more clearly -The vowel sound is purer. Compare the first and last vowel sounds with the stressed sound.
    • It uses larger facial movements - Look in the mirror when you say the word. Look at your jaw and lips in particular.


When a word has more than one syllable, not all syllables are pronounced with the same degree of force. The syllable which is pronounced with greater force is called the stressed syllable. You can also call it theaccented syllable. "Accent" in this case means "emphasis".

When speaking, it is important to put the stress on the correct syllable. 
Otherwise, it would sound unnatural, and might even be difficult to understand!

Watch the following video for a full explanation and demonstration of word stress:


Here are some examples of the word stress of some common words (the stress part is bold):

water:  wa  ter

people:  peo  ple

television:  tel  e  vi  sion

together:  to  geth  er

potato:  po  ta  to

before:  be  fore

begin:  be  gin

References:
blob:https%3A//www.youtube.com/5d34212c-84f6-4415-aa00-c02046dfdda0


















Word
Type of word
Tendency 
Exceptions
apple
table
happy
two-syllable nouns and adjectives
stress on the first syllable
O o
apple
hotel
lagoon
suspect
import
insult
words which can be used as both
nouns and verbs
the noun has stress on the first syllable
O o
"You are the suspect!"
the verb has stress on the second syllable
o O
"I suspect you."
respect
witness
hairbrush
football
compound nouns
fairly equally balanced but with stronger stress 
on the first part
O o
hairbrush

In the classroom
  • Raise awareness & build confidence
    You can use the same questions with your students that I have used in this article. These will help to raise the students' awareness of word stress and its importance. Some learners love to learn about the 'technical' side of language, while others like to 'feel' or 'see' the language more, hearing the music of word stress or seeing the shapes of the words. Try to use a variety of approaches: helping students to engage with English in different ways will help them in their goal to become more proficient users of the language. Build students' confidence by drawing their attention to the tendencies and patterns in word stress that do exist.
  • Mark the stress
    Use a clear easy-to-see way of marking stress on the board and on handouts for students. I use the big circle - small circle (O o) method. It is very easy to see and has the added advantage of identifying the number of syllables in the word, as well as the stressed syllable. 

    Students also need to be aware of the way dictionaries usually mark stress - with a mark before the stressed syllable, e.g. 'apple. By knowing this, students will be able to check word stress independently.
  • Cuisenaire rods
    These different sized, small coloured blocks are great for helping students to 'see' the word stress. The students build the words using different blocks to represent stressed and unstressed syllables. (Children's small building blocks are a good substitute!)
  • Integrate word stress into your lessons
    You don't need to teach separate lessons on word stress. Instead, you can integrate it into your normal lessons. The ideal time to focus students' attention on it is when introducing vocabulary. Meaning and spelling are usually clarified for students but the sound and stress of the word can all too often be forgotten. 

    Quickly and simply elicit the stress pattern of the word from the students (as you would the meaning) and mark it on the board. Drill it too! 

    Students can use stress patterns as another way to organise and sort their vocabulary. For example, in their vocabulary books they can have a section for nouns with the pattern O o, and then a section for the pattern o O. Three syllable words can be sorted into O o o (Saturday, hospital) and o O o (computer, unhappy). 

    Remember what I noted before: The more times students mentally engage with new vocabulary, the more they are likely to actually learn it. Engaging students through word stress helps to reinforce the learning of the words.
  • Troubleshooting
    Initially, many students (and teachers!) find it difficult to hear word stress. A useful strategy is to focus on one word putting the stress on its different syllables in turn. For example:
o o 0 computer
0 o o computer
o 0 o computer
  • Say the word in the different ways for the students, really exaggerating the stressed syllable and compressing the unstressed ones. Ask the students which version of the word sounds 'the best' or 'the most natural'. 

    By hearing the word stressed incorrectly, students can more easily pick out the correct version.

    A personalised and effective way of getting students to hear the importance of correct word stress is by using people's names as examples. I introduce word stress with my name:
    • "How many parts/syllables are there in my name?"
    • "Which is the strongest - the first or second?"
    • "Is it Emma or Emma?"

Then you can question students about their own names - this will give them a personalised connection to the issue of word stress, with a word they will never forget!

Gerunds:
Objectives:
  • At the end of this class students will have a complete knowledge about gerunds

Defining a Gerund
A gerund is a noun which is derived from a verb with "ing" added at the end of the word to indicate continuing action.
Example of gerunds include:
  • Dancing
  • Swimming
  • Running
  • Editing
  • Fighting
When used in a sentence, the gerund looks like the following examples:
  • Skiing is something I like to do.
  • Running can be excellent exercise.
  • I told him I liked his singing.
In these sentences, the italicized words are the gerunds.

Gerunds as Nouns
Gerunds can also function as nouns in a sentence. They can either hold the subject position or the direct object position. Consider the following examples:
Dancing is enjoyable.
In this example, the word dancing is a gerund because it is the subject of the sentence.

Guillermo enjoys dancing.
In the sentence, the gerund dancing is functioning as the direct object of the sentence.
Gerunds as Parts of a Noun Phrase
Gerunds can also perform the function of a verb within a clause, yet the clause as a whole can function as a noun phrase in the overall sentence. The following sentences are examples of this use of the gerund:
Dancing a jig is fun and healthy.
Dancing in this example is a verb in the clause dancing a jig, but the overall clause is a noun phrase that functions as the subject of the sentence as a whole.
I love leaving work early.
In this sentence, leaving is a verb in the clause leaving work early, but in the overall sentence leaving work early is the object of the subject I and the predicate love.

Reference:

Other Activities:
  • The Tongue Untied: This excellent website from the University of Oregon's guide to grammar, punctuation, and style offers several quizzes on gerunds, participles, and infinitives. These quizzes are designed to be printed out and administered in class where they could easily be turned into games.
  • A Guide to Learning English: The Frankfurt International School maintains this excellent gerund, participle, and infinitive quiz that can be taken and scored online.
  • Grammar-Quizzes: The College of San Mateo maintains this grammar check site that has information, worksheets and quizzes which focus on gerunds.
  • Forming Gerunds: Bergen Community College maintains this very useful website that has easy-to-understand instructional ideas and online exercises to practice gerund comprehension.
Quizzes Can Become Games
If you ask your students whether they'd like to take a quiz or play a game,  they would probably choose to play a game. When you think about it, however, a game is just a quiz without the negative stigma attached to it.
Turning some of the above quizzes into games will serve two functions:
  • It will make it much easier to engage students in the material if they are actively committed to playing the game and winning whatever reward is being offered.
  • Your students will be internalizing the material while they play. When it comes time to test their understanding of gerunds in a more traditional quiz, they will be more confident and better prepared to succeed.
Don't forget to reward those who excel in the games. Offer prizes that work within the natural structure of your classroom. For example, students could compete for extra credit points, raffle tickets for a future drawing, snacks, bonus free time, or longer recesses.


Students will:
  1. Predict and discuss possible endings of the movie.
  2. Discuss, write, and role-play a dialogue about their talents.
  3. Differentiate between gerund and infinitive sentences with the same and different meanings.
  4. Illustrate the multiple meanings of verbs that take gerunds and infinitives.
Materials:

Vocabulary:
Act, audience, perform, talent, talent show
gerund, infinitive
like, love, hate, can’t stand, begin, start, continue, prefer, remember, forget, try, stop, regret.
Preparation:
Prepare sentences for Activity 3, Same or Different. For each verb, prepare a sentence with the same meaning and one with a different meaning. Sentences can be sentence strips or written or projected on a board. You can add more sentence pairs:
  • Ben remembered to call his mom. Ben remembered calling his mom.
  • Nikki tried to juggle ten plates. Nikki tried juggling ten plates.
  • We began to watch the movie. We began watching the movie.
  • Do you prefer to walk? Do you prefer walking?
  • They love to dance. They love dancing.
  • I forgot to read that book. I forgot reading that book.
  • Moby stopped to eat lunch. Moby stopped eating lunch.
  • We continued to run. We continued running.

How to Teach Gerunds

The gerund can be one of the most perplexing parts of language due to its varied use. Not every -ing word is a gerund, and the way a gerund is used in grammar changes according to the words preceding it, whether verbs, pronouns or others. Teaching a gerund requires delineation of seemingly arbitrary rules and understanding of verbal alternatives.
Discuss the idea of a gerund in English as basically an -ing word describing the noun form of a verb. Use and example such as swimming. While the word "swim" is a verb, the word "swimming" acts as a noun. Give several examples.
Explore how the use of a gerund co-exists with the use of the infinitive for many verbs. Use the example, "I like swimming" and "I like to swim."
Discuss the "want" verbs and other verb forms that can NOT use a gerund as opposed to the infinitive. Use the example, "I want to swim" NOT "I want swimming."
Briefly touch on the use of pronouns for "possessive" gerund cases. Use the example, "Their singing was wonderful."
Contrast -ing words that are NOT gerunds. Use the example, "I was swimming yesterday." Show how the words that are fixed in time are not gerunds because gerunds are more general words to describe the existence of an activity, for example, "I like swimming" is not fixed in time and does not provide chronological context.
For the explanation of time-fixed versus non-time-fixed verb forms, use a timeline to show how words that describe past actions are not gerunds but a continuous verb form. Examples: "I started swimming, I was swimming, I stopped swimming."
One more thorny manifestation of the "quasi-gerund" is harder to explain. Examples such as "I went swimming" or "I did some swimming" are on the border between describing time-fixed activities or the generic existence of the activity. Although these would probably best be described as gerunds, the opinions of linguists may differ.




Reference:






There are three articles in English Grammar.
We use an before vowel like a,e,i,o,u. The goes with
both singular and plural e.g
He needed the case.
He needed the cases.
A/an goes only with a singular noun.
He left a case.
He left some cases.
He left some luggage








Objectives
The students will be able to know the difference between articles, types of articles, and the use of articles. Here we
show them vedio related to articles
This will help the students to know clearly about the use
and definition of articles.
Activities:
There are following activities for the students to learn about articles .
Missing words activities:
The students will be asked to fill the blanks appropriately by using articles
so in this way students will come to know wheather they use,a,an,the
so it will help the students.
Listening activities:
We will show students a vedio and in the end asked them
question about the vedio

Articles identification:
Read the story about an American tourist in Britain and underline the articles in the story.
A man from California was spending a month in Britain. One
day he booked in hotel. Then he went out to look around the place. so he decided to continue with his tour of country and has gone to visit a friend in Scotland before returning to pick
up the case he had left
Conversations avtivity:
Complete the conversation.  put in a/an or the .











Letter writing is one of the most important in curriculum of matriculation. There are three main components of letter writing
  • Make complaint
  • Make an inquiry
  • Make request
Here is the format of letter writing.

Objectives:
Students will be able to know the types and format of letter writing. it will be helpful for the students for creative writing




Activities:
we are asked students to write a letter on different topics.






Alphabetical Elements:

In English there are 44 sounds. 26 alphabets. 5 vowels.
21 consonants.
Vowels: There are five vowel sounds in English. They are
produced without an obstruction to air.
Diphthongs: in English there are 8 diphthongs.
Consonants: Except all vowels other are consonants.
they produced sounds without any obstruction to air.
Objectives:
Students will be able to know the sounds in English.
They will be able to produce sounds with an accent
By the table given they will be able to recognize the code
of each alphabet.


Activities:
In activity we show them a table of alphabetical sounds.
so they will be able to know the exact sound of the word
given.By listening and writing skills they will improve their pronunciation and proficiency of English.
Pronunciation key:
Then we will provide them With a table of consonants
diphthongs and vowels. And asked students which words in the pronunciation have the same key and also find symbol of each underlined sounds in ur dictionary.









References:












kinds of Sentences:
There are three kinds of Sentences according to structure: simple , compound and complex.
Simple:
All main clause can be stand alone as simple Sentence. e.g
Most of us take life for granted.
Compound:
A compound Sentence contains two or more main clauses. e.g
He is rich,yet he is not happy.
Complex: A complex consists of two or more main clauses.
If I were the president of the University, I should establish a
compulsory course " How to use your eyes"














Denotation:
Denotation is the literal or dictionary meaning of words. For
example the word Snake in the poem denotates meaning
like scaly and legless.
It refers to most basic and specific meaning of
the word.

Connotation:
It refers to the idea that is suggested by or associated with
a word. The connotative meanings of a word exist
together with the denotative meaning. The word Snake could
include danger and evil.
It can be positive or negative e.g the word thin has both effects.




Here is the difference mentioned between
connotation and denotation by images



Objectives:
The students will be able to know expressions
used in poems.And also the difference between
connotation and denotation.

Activities: The activities may involve like ,
Scoot games!
Here is the Sample given.

















References:


 Sidra Atta (2014-905)



1.Reading comprehensionImage result for reading comprehension
Focus: Reading skills
Level/Grade: Matric (9th-10th)
Concepts Taught: Students will increase their ability in reading skill.
Description: These reading work sheets designed to encourage students to develop reading skill through comprehension.
Objectives (s): 
Terminal Objective: 
Students will develop reading skill through comprehension and define the meaning of the words in the passages.
Enabling Objectives: 
By the time this lesson is completed, student will be able to: 
1. read these passages silently. 
2. Define the meaning of words. 
3. Comprehend the passages through answering the questions. 
4. Share ideas and participate in a classroom discussion.
Reading comprehension is the ability to read text, process it and understand its meaning. An individual's ability to comprehend text is influenced by their traits and skills, one of which is the ability to make inferences. If word recognition is difficult, students use too much of their processing capacity to read individual words, which interferes with their ability to comprehend what is read.
Here is some worksheets for practice different types of reading comprehensions. I hope these all help the students to enhance the reading skill.
Reading Comprehension Worksheets
These reading comprehension worksheets teach students to think critically, draw inferences, understand scope and global concepts, find or recall details, and infer the meaning of useful vocabulary words.

Critical Thinking Reading Comprehension Worksheets
§  Passage 1
§  Passage 2
§  Passage 3
§  Passage 4
§  Passage 5

Short Story Reading Comprehension Worksheets
In this series, readers are tested on their ability to perform interpretations, make deductions, and infer the meaning of vocabulary words based on a short story.
·         "Accused" - Low Advanced. 4 answer choices.12 questions 285 words.
·         "Flower Power" - Low Advanced. 4 answer choices.10 questions.368 words.
·         "Seeing Clearly" - Low Advanced. 4 answer choices.10 questions. 284 words
·         "The Transfers" - Mid Advanced. 4 answer choices. 12 questions. 381 words.
·         "Wild" - Mid Advanced. 4 answer choices. 10 questions. 493 words
·         "Dreams" - High Advanced. 4 answer choices. 12 questions. 357 words.
·         "Tracks" - High Advanced. 5 answer choices. 11 questions. 531 words.

Informational Passages Reading Comprehension Worksheets
In these reading comprehension worksheets, students are asked questions about information they have read about a specific topic. Each passage reads similar to a newspaper of journal article, and provides interesting information about some aspect of history, nature, mechanics, science, art, and more. Questions involve critical thinking with a focus on logic and inference.
·         "Houses Around the World" - Low Advanced. 10 questions. Under 700 words.
·         "Cells" - Low Advanced. 10 questions. Under 700 words.
·         "Soccer" - Low Advanced. 12 questions. Under 700 words
·   "The U.S. Postal Service" - Mid Advanced. 11 questions. Under 800 words.
·   "Chemical Elements" - Mid Advanced. 11 questions. Under 800 word

Role Play Reading Comprehension Worksheets
In these reading comprehension worksheets, students can increase their understanding of colloquial and idiomatic expressions and get a feel for conversational English. They also allow several students to participate at the same time - which makes them really fun! It’s great for use in school or at home.
·         "Hungry" - Advanced Level. 8 questions. Under 400 words.
·         "Want to Know a Secret?" - Advanced Level. 8 questions. Under 200 words.
·         "Milk and Aesthetics" - Advanced Level. 8 questions. Under 500 words.

Dual Version Reading Comprehension Worksheets
In each of these reading comprehension worksheets, the same story is told, but with two versions: one that is basic, and one that is more advanced. This allows students to make direct comparisons between the advanced versions to the more basic one, and makes for a powerful learning experience.
§ "An Overcast Day" - Beginning Level. 4 questions. Under 200 words.
§ "Who Knows My Name?" - Beginning Level. 4 questions. Under 200 words.
§ "A Call to the Pool" - Beginning Level. 6 questions. Under 300 words.
§ "Oh No!" - Beginning Level. 8 questions. Under 300 words.
§ "An Adventure" - Beginning Level. 6 questions. Under 400 words.
§ A Paper for School" - Advanced Level. 7 questions. Under 300 words.
§ "A Birthday Surprise" - Advanced Level. 7 questions. Under 600 words.
§ "Getting a New Job" - Advanced Level. 8 questions. Under 600 words.
§ "The Dinner Party" - Advanced Level. 9 questions. Under 600 words.

Technical Reading Comprehension Worksheets
In these reading comprehension worksheets, students are asked questions about the meaning, significance, intention, structure, inference, and vocabulary used in each passage. Each passage reads like an encyclopedic or technical journal article. Answers for worksheets in this section can be found at the end of each individual worksheet.
  • “Salt" - Advanced level. 3 questions with answers included. Under 700 words.
  • "Colony Collapse" - Advanced level. 3 questions with answers included. Under 600 words.
  • "Columbian Exchange" - Advanced level. 3 questions with answers included. Under 700 words.
  • "Ethanol" - Advanced level. 3 questions with answers included. Under 600 words.
  • "Generations" - Advanced level. 3 questions with answers included. Under 600 words.
  • "The Hubble Telescope" - Advanced level. 7 questions with answers included. Under 1000 words.
  • "Intelligence Augmentation" - Advanced level. 5 questions with answers included. Under 1000
More links:

For more practice, visit this link too.
http://www.k12reader.com/subject/reading-skills/reading-comprehension/9th-10th-grade-reading-comprehension-worksheets
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDSwvFL3mdQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHyagM7xb5o
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Y00Oe-cODw

https://www.teachingchannel.org/.../help-students-an...

2.              Writing practice
Image result for writing practice
Focus: Writing skills
Level/Grade: Matric (9th-10th)
Writing Skills Learning Objectives:
  1. Communicate effectively in writing to a variety of audiences and for a variety of purposes.
  2. Use writing as a tool for thinking and learning.
  3. Develop skill in planning writing and completing tasks.
  4. Appropriately apply conventions of writing.
How Writing Practice Works?
Pick up your favorite pen. It should be a fast-writing pen. Grab a spiral notebook. Nothing fancy Or, if you prefer, use your keyboard.
Select a Writing Topic. Set a time limit. Ten minutes works well to begin. We’ve noticed we tend to go deeper with our writing when we write even longer.
The timed aspect of writing is important. Whatever amount of time you choose you must commit yourself to it for the full time. Set an intention – 10 minutes, 20 minutes, half an hour. Then, Go!
Follow these six rules as you write:
  1. Keeps your hand moving, (Don’t pause to reread the line you have just written. That’s stalling and trying to get control of what you’re saying. Don’t stop until the time is up).
  2. Don’t cross out. (That is editing as you write. Even if you write something you didn’t mean to write, leave it. Don’t backspace).
  3. Don’t worry about spelling, punctuation, grammar. (Don’t even care about staying within the margins and lines on the page).
  4. Lose control.
  5. Don’t think. Don’t get logical.
  6. Go for the jugular. (If something comes up in your writing that is scary or naked, dive right into it. It probably has lots of energy).

There is a lot of worksheets on writing practice in various topics. Those definitely help the students to improve their reading skill and make them creative as well.
Writing Practice Worksheets
Finish the Story Writing Worksheets
In these writing practice worksheets, Students can practice both reading and writing in these exercises. First, they read the uncompleted story. Then, they try to finish it using their own words.
Question Response Writing Worksheets
In these writing practice worksheets, students practice reading and writing in these exercises. Each worksheet asks a question that students must try to answer. Example answers are provided for students to read and model their answer after.
Practical Writing Worksheets
In these writing practice worksheets, students practice reading and practical writing. Each worksheet begins with a prompt that gives students a chance to write practically. Each prompt features a real world writing activity. Example answers are provided for students to read and model their answer after.
Argumentative Writing Worksheets
In these writing practice worksheets, students practice writing and reading in these exercises. Each worksheet asks students to perform a persuasive writing exercise according to examples and instructions. Example answers are provided for students to read.
Writing Worksheets
In these writing practice worksheets, students practice writing and reading in these exercises. Each worksheet asks students to write on a topic of their choosing. Example answers are provided for students to read.
Using Precise Language
These worksheets provide students practice using precise language. This means eliminating vague constructions and unnecessary verbiage. For example, the sentence, "Tom is a careless person" gets changed to "Tom is careless."
More links:

For more practice, visit these links too.
http://www.k12reader.com/grade-level/grades-k-12/grades-9-12/

3.                      Verb tenses
Image result for teaching tenses with pictures

Focus: Grammar and sentence structure

Level/Grade: Matric (9th-10th)

Objectives; Students will be able to:
  • Inductively review both structure and names of basic tenses
  • Define and identify different types of verbs
  • Demonstrate correct usage of different verbs, including past and present tense verbs and helping verbs
  • Students will understand the difference between all tenses and use these tenses appropriately when they complete the worksheet accompanying this lesson.
Verb Tense Worksheets
Unit 1: Using "To Be"

The worksheet below gives a broad overview of all aspects of all possible tenses. This is a nice worksheet to print out and keep at ready for your students to use should they get stuck.
This unit contains worksheets outlining common usages of the verb "to be." Good for use with beginning level and intermediate level learners.
Unit 2: Present Tense

This unit contains printable present tense worksheets. Each worksheet includes an explanation and examples of the three aspects (simple, progressive, and perfect) of the present tense. Practice involves filling in the blanks and rewriting sentences in the specified aspect of the present tense.
Finding these materials helpful? That's great!
Sorry to interrupt...Now back to browsing more quality verb tenses exercises!

Unit 3: Past Tense
This unit contains printable past tense worksheets. Each worksheet includes an explanation and examples of the three aspects (simple, progressive, and perfect) of the past tense. Practice involves filling in the blanks and rewriting sentences in the specified aspect of the past tense.
Unit 4: Future Tense
This unit contains printable future tense worksheets. Each worksheet includes an explanation and examples of the three aspects (simple, progressive, and perfect) of the future tense. Practice involves filling in the blanks and rewriting sentences in the specified aspect of the future tense.
More links:

For further practice, visit these links.
esl.about.com › ... › How to Teach Tenses
4.                      model auxiliary verbs
Image result for modal auxiliary verbs
Focus: Grammar
Level/Grade: Matric (9th-10th)
Objectives:  After studying and working through the activities through worksheets, you are expected to be able to;
  1. Understand, what are auxiliaries and their role as structure words in English
  2. Form sentences using these auxiliaries
  3. Describe the differences between and among these auxiliaries
  4. List common errors in sentence formation using auxiliaries
  5. Think and generate spoken and written text in English
A modal verb (also 'modal', 'modal auxiliary verb', 'modal auxiliary') is a type of verb that is used to indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation.
A modal auxiliary verb gives information about the function of the main verb that it governs. Modals have a wide variety of communicative functions, but these functions can generally be related to a scale ranging from possibility ("may") to necessity ("must"), in terms of one of the following types of modality:
  • epistemic modality, concerned with the theoretical possibility of propositions being true or not true (including likelihood and certainty)
  • deontic modality, concerned with possibility and necessity in terms of freedom to act (including permission and duty)
  • dynamic modality,[2] which may be distinguished from deontic modality, in that with dynamic modality, the conditioning factors are internal – the subject's own ability or willingness to act[3]
The following table lists the modal auxiliary verbs of Standard English. Most of them appear more than once based upon the distinction between deontic and epistemic modality:
Modal auxiliary
Meaning contribution
Example
can1
dynamic modality
She can really sing.
can2
epistemic modality
That can indeed hinder.
can3
deontic modality
You can sing underwater.
could1
dynamic modality
He could swim when he was young.
could2
epistemic modality
That could happen soon.
may1
deontic modality
May I stay?
may2
epistemic modality
That may be a problem.
might
epistemic modality
The weather might improve.
must1
deontic modality
Sam must go to school.
must2
epistemic modality
It must be hot outside.
shall
deontic modality
You shall not pass.
should1
deontic modality
You should stop that.
should2
epistemic modality
That should be surprising.
will1
epistemic modality
She will try to lie.
will2
deontic modality
I will meet you later.
would
epistemic modality
Nothing would accomplish that.
Here are some worksheets, which help the students to practice model auxiliary verbs. These worksheets will help them a lot.
Modal Auxiliary Verbs Worksheets
Modal auxiliary verbs are some of the most important/confusing verb types. This type of helping verb is used to modify the mood of the main verb. These worksheets are still being tested and refined.
More links:

For more practice, visit these links too.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLIQNJGwr44

5.                      parts of speech

C:\Users\Ahmad Atta\Downloads\1.jpg


Focus: Grammar

Level/Grade: Matric (9th-10th)

Concepts Taught: Parts of speech and grammar

Objectives: At the end of this lesson,
  • Students will be able to write sentences high-lighting different parts of speech.
  • Students will be able to state the definition of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
  • Students will be able to recognize and distinguish nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs from each other.
  • Students will be able to use nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs correctly in sentences.
  • Students will identify the eight parts of speech and analyze their functions.

A Part of speech is a category to which a word is assigned in accordance with its syntactic functions. In English the main parts of speech are noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection.
We can practice parts of speech with the help of these worksheets. That will help the students to understand and learn it.
Parts of Speech Worksheets
Below you'll find printable parts of speech worksheets. On these worksheets, students learn to identify the part of speech of a word according to how it is used in a given sentence. Then, they are given opportunity to practice writing sentences using the specified part of speech. All eight parts of speech are covered in this section: Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Prepositions, Interjections, Pronouns, and Conjunctions.

Prepositions Worksheets
Below you will find full list of printable prepositions worksheets to be used by teachers at home or in school. Just click on a link to open a printable PDF version of the desired worksheet. We hope you find them useful.
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying prepositions in sentences.
Answer to the Identifying Prepositions worksheets.
This worksheet includes a table outlining the various prepositions of time and their usages. Practice involves using prepositions of time to explain the schedules of color characters in the worksheet.
     Answers to the Prepositions of Time Worksheet
The worksheet provides practice using images to explain the positions of people and objects in relation to one another.
Answers to the Prepositions of Place Worksheet 1
The worksheet includes tables outlining the various prepositions of place (location). Practice involves using prepositions of place to explain the positions of color objects in relation to one another.
Answers to the Prepositions of Place Worksheet 2

 Nouns Worksheets

The section contains printable worksheets on nouns.
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying nouns in sentences.
Answers to the Nouns Worksheets
  • Identifying Nouns Worksheet - Common vs. Proper
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying common vs. proper nouns in sentences
Answers to the Identifying Nouns worksheet

 Adjectives Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on adjectives.
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying adjectives in sentences.
Answers to the Identifying Adjectives worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice putting adjectives in the correct order.
Explanation, examples, and practice using comparative adjectives in sentences.
Answers to the Comparative Adjectives worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using superlative adjectives in sentences.
Answers to the Superlative Adjectives Worksheet

 Verbs Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on verbs.
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying verbs in sentences.
Answers to the Identifying Adjectives worksheet

 Adverbs Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on adverbs.
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying adverbs in sentences.
Answers to the Identifying Adverbs worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying and using frequency adverbs in sentences. Practice involves rewriting sentences according to percentages labeled on a frequency adverbs chart. This is an excellent worksheet!
Answers to the Frequency Adverbs worksheet

 Conjunctions Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on conjunctions.
A brief introduction to conjunctions
Answers to the Introduction to Conjunctions worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using coordinating conjunctions.
Explanation, examples, and practice using subordinating conjunctions.
Explanation, examples, and practice using correlative conjunctions.

 Pronouns Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on pronouns.
A brief introduction to pronouns
Answers to the Introduction to Pronouns worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using demonstrative pronouns.
Explanation, examples, and practice using subjective pronouns in sentences.

 Interjections Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on interjections.
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying interjections in sentences.
Answers to the Identifying Interjections worksheet
More links:
For further practice, students can use these links as well.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AiK3NSENjA8

6.                      homonyms, homophones, homographs
Image result for homophone, homograph, homonyms

 Focus: Vocabulary and grammar

Level/Grade: Matric (9th-10th)

Objectives:  

  1. Students will be able to define the words homonyms, homophones and homograph and differentiate between them.
  2. Students will be able to define the word homonym, homophone, and homograph and give examples of common homonyms.
  3. Students will create a homonym, homophone, and homograph list that include at least 25 pairs of words and their definitions.
  4. Students will write a paragraph that includes at least six of the words in their homonym/homophone/homograph dictionary.

Homonyms, homophones and homographs can bring confusion to even adults and teachers!
For clarity, we've brought them all together on one page. It makes it easier to learn the difference among the three types of words using the definitions and homonyms, homophones and homographs examples below.

Homonyms
Homophones
Homographs
Multiple meaning words
Words that sound alike
Same spelling,
different pronunciation,
different meanings
 The spruce tree...
 to spruce up...
 addition for math
 edition of a book
 desert = abandon
 desert = area of land
 Suit you...
 wore a suit...
 I want to go
 I like it too
 One plus one is two
 bass = fish
 bass = instrument
 Weigh on the scale...
 scale the wall...
 capitol building
 state capital
 close = nearby
 close = to shut
 The price is fair...
 going to the fair...
 pick a flower
 bake with flour
 bow = to bend down
 bow = ribbon

 Homonyms
Homonyms, or multiple meaning words, are words that share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings. For example, bear.
  • A bear (the animal) can bear (tolerate) very cold temperatures.
  • The driver turned left (opposite of right) and left (departed from) the main road.

 Homophones
Homophones, also known as sound-alike words, are words that are pronounced identically although they have different meanings and often have different spellings as well. These words are a very common source of confusion when writing. Common examples of sets of homophones include: to, too, and two; they're and their; bee and be; sun and son; which and witch; and plain and plane.

 Homographs
Homographs are words that are spelled the same, but have different meanings and are often pronounced differently as well. Some examples of homographs are:
  • bass as in fish vs bass as in music
  • bow as in arrow vs bow as in bending or taking a bow at the end of a performance
  • close as in next to vs close as in shut the door
  • desert as in dry climate vs desert as in leaving alone.
Here is attached some worksheets to practice homonyms, homophones, and homograph. With the help of these worksheets, students learn more about this. I hope this will help them a lot.
Homonyms Worksheets
This page contains printable homonyms, homographs, and homophones worksheets. These worksheets contain precise explanations of homonyms, homographs, and homophones. After each explanation, there is an example followed by multiple practice questions. In these questions, students are asked to choose the correct word to complete the sentence. There are 30 questions total on the worksheet below.
Explanation, examples, and practice differentiating Homonyms, Homographs, and Homophones Worksheets includes 30 multiple choice questions.
Answers to the Homonyms, Homographs, and Homophones Worksheet

More links:


Attiya Mansha (2014-933)



KINDS OF PRONOUNS

PRONOUNS
     Pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. e.g; i me, he, she, herself...etc.
Objectives
      Students will be able to state the definition of pronouns.
      Students will be able to recognize pronouns and distinguish them from other parts of speech.
        Students will be able to use correct form of pronouns in sentences.
KINDS OF PRONOUS
         There are many kinds of pronouns.
Personal pronouns: describes particular person, thing or a group. e.g; I, me, we, us, you etc
possesive pronouns: indicates close possession or relationship of a thing/person to other thing/person. e.g; yours, mine, hers, his...etc
demonstrative pronouns: used to demonstrate or indicate. this, that, these, those .
indefinite pronouns: used for non-specific things. e.g; all, some, any, nobody, each, few... etc
interrogative pronouns: are used in questions. who,which, whom etc.
relative pronouns: used to add more information to sentence. which, that including whom and whose.
reflexive pronouns: a reflexive pronoun ends... self or selves and refers to another noun or pronoun in a sentence. e.g; myself, yourself, herself.. etc.
SKILL PRACTICE: PRONOUN GAMESS
There are several games to teach pronouns to students as;
Speak up
      This game will not only improve student's knowledge of pronouns, but will enhance their listening skills as well. Divide class into two groups. If there is one person left, he is the score keeper. Pick a book or any literature work. As you read to the class slowly, have one person from each team respond with the word pronoun when they hear a pronoun.
Card game
       This game covers singular and plural personal pronouns. Divide class into groups and have one student at a time play the game. Have a stack of cards with all personal pronouns on them, turned face down. The students pick up a card, looks at pronoun and has 10 seconds to think of a sentence with that pronoun. If there is an odd number of students, pick one student to be scorekeeper.
Board game
        This game can be used at any level of comprehension and uses a white board or magnetic board. Prepare cards with pronouns written on them that have a magnet attached to the back or you want to use blue tack. Write sentence on the board and have students replace a noun with pronoun. Start with personal pronouns and include more as the lesson progress.
PRONOUN ACTIVITIES
There are several activities to teach pronouns to students.
Timed worksheets
     Usually when children see a worksheet, they dread it revere it as being class work that they would rather not be doing.Turn the rows of students into teams. Ecah team would elect a team captain. Students would have two minutes to find all of the pronouns listed on the worksheet.
  

Reading lessons
   Readind books and lessons can enhance the knowledge of students about pronouns.
Ball games
    Randomly toss the ball to student and have them say a sentence with atleast one pronoun in it. Once they complete the task have them toss the ball to another student and so forth.
Teaching pronouns
      read fun books about pronouns.
      make fun filled pronoun worksheets.
      divide class into teams and have them find the pronouns.
NOUN CLAUSE
A noun clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb; however it cannot stand alone as a sentence. e.g; what you think does not matter. a noun clause can be used as subject or object.
Objectives
      By the end of the lesson, students will be able to;
underline a noun claude in a sentence.
complete the sentences using the clause given.
change questions into noun clauses.
Purpose of noun clause
       Noun clauses used in number of ways and serve different purposes. Firstly recognize these clauses are dependent clauses. It cannot stand by itself. It it placed alone, it forms a fragment not a sentence. An independent clause can act as a sentence by itself.
There are three types of common noun clauses, which will eventually cover.
  • that-clauses
  • if/whether clauses
  • wh-clauses
NOUN CLAUSE EXERCISE
Find out the noun clauses in following sentences and state what purpode they serve.
1. the king ordered that the traitor should be put to death.
ans: here the noun clause 'that the traitor should be put to death' is that object of the verb ordered.
2. he said that he would not go.
ans: here the noun clause is the object of the verb said.
3. i cannot rely on what he says.
ans: here 'what he says' is object of the preposition on.
NOUN PHRASES EXERCISE
1. i hope to win the first prize.
ans: noun phrase' to win the first prize; it act as the object of the verb hope
2. the boy wants to go home.
ans: noun phrase ' to go home; it acts as the object of the verb wants.
There are several activities to teach noun clauses to students as warm up activity, instruction an practice, closure
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
Test your ability to analyze informtion and draw a conclusion in the sample reading comprehension question. The questions in this group are based on the content of the passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.
Objectives
       Students will be able to develop reading skill through comprehension.
       Students will tell the meaning of the words in the story.
       Students will comprehend the story's events through answering the question.
       Students will be able to share ideas and participate in classroom discussion.
Resources/ Materials
           pictures, dictionaries, student worksheets etc.
Here are many ways to check for student comprehension as
Keep a laerning journal, Exit slip, Daily warm ups- Bell ringers, Pair and teach,Ttell me how you feel, Let studentswrite notes on the board, Error correction/ problem solving

PUNCTUATION
The marks or symbols such as full stop, comma, question mark, etc used in writing to seprate sentences and their elements and to clarify meaning.
Objectives
      To help students recognize the importance of punctuation marks and what they are used for, so that their fluency and expression in oral reading will improve.
Activities/ worksheets


REFERENCES




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